来农大的学生

Shanxi
Agricultural University, Taigu, China

Jacob
Teter
graduated from Oberlin in the Fall of 2002 with majors in Biology and
German Literature. He was teaching English in Taigu at Shanxi
Agricultural University under an individual arrangement between
himself and the Foreign Affairs Office last year. Jacob was a
Fulbright assistant teacher from September 2003 to June 2004 in
Wiesbaden Germany. He was a volunteer English teacher through the
Oberlin ESL program that provides English language lessons for groups
of Latinos in Lorain County. While at Oberlin he was a member of the
Bike Co-op, the Outing Club, and played first violin in the College
Community Orchestra. He is extremely interested in the study of
Mandarin and in agricultural research and farming in Taigu. At the
end of his three years in Taigu Jacob hopes to enroll in a graduate
program in Agroecology or International Agricultural Economics. Click
to read Jacob's
narrative.

Morgan
Ramsey-Elliot
graduated with majors in Politics and East Asian Studies (Chinese)
last May. He was a Shansi in-Asia study grant recipient and spent
January 2005 in Kunming investigating relationships among
social/sustainability non-governmental organizations and government
agencies. He also completed an intensive summer language program at
the Harvard Beijing Academy. His senior honors thesis analyzed the
politics of migrant workers, laid-off state employees and pensioners
in urban China. He was a member of the Oberlin Student Cooperative
Association and has worked on the Oberlin Alumni Fund. He hopes to
have a career in international relations and feels that his
fellowship to Taigu will provide an invaluable foundation upon which
to build.

Megan
Lowery
(2004-2006), Click to read Megan's
narrative.

来农大的学生

Shanxi
Agricultural University, Taigu, China

Jacob
Teter
graduated from Oberlin in the Fall of 2002 with majors in Biology and
German Literature. He was teaching English in Taigu at Shanxi
Agricultural University under an individual arrangement between
himself and the Foreign Affairs Office last year. Jacob was a
Fulbright assistant teacher from September 2003 to June 2004 in
Wiesbaden Germany. He was a volunteer English teacher through the
Oberlin ESL program that provides English language lessons for groups
of Latinos in Lorain County. While at Oberlin he was a member of the
Bike Co-op, the Outing Club, and played first violin in the College
Community Orchestra. He is extremely interested in the study of
Mandarin and in agricultural research and farming in Taigu. At the
end of his three years in Taigu Jacob hopes to enroll in a graduate
program in Agroecology or International Agricultural Economics. Click
to read Jacob's
narrative.

Morgan
Ramsey-Elliot
graduated with majors in Politics and East Asian Studies (Chinese)
last May. He was a Shansi in-Asia study grant recipient and spent
January 2005 in Kunming investigating relationships among
social/sustainability non-governmental organizations and government
agencies. He also completed an intensive summer language program at
the Harvard Beijing Academy. His senior honors thesis analyzed the
politics of migrant workers, laid-off state employees and pensioners
in urban China. He was a member of the Oberlin Student Cooperative
Association and has worked on the Oberlin Alumni Fund. He hopes to
have a career in international relations and feels that his
fellowship to Taigu will provide an invaluable foundation upon which
to build.

Megan
Lowery
(2004-2006), Click to read Megan's
narrative.

铭贤基金始末谈

铭贤基金始末谈

武士彬

山西铭贤学校曾是一所拥有小学、中学、大学和工农实验基地的文教事业团体。提起铭贤，人们都说那是由美国人出钱，孔祥熙出名所办的学校。其实不少人为铭贤的办学经费做过很大的贡献，这要从铭贤基金谈起。

最初，于1907年在太谷南关成立的铭贤是一所小学；随后，以东关杨家庄的孟家花园为校址，先扩充为4年制中学，后发展为设有工、农、商选科的完全中学。三十年代时期，高中同学每周须在工厂实习翻砂、农具制造、改良织布，或到农场实验作物改良、畜牧、园艺等劳动课两个下午：选商科的要学会计、商业知识和珠算各门。时至抗战前1年，停办了商科，改设了一个乡村服务部。学平教会的做法，搞过乡村建设运动。此外，还一度办过大学预科，曾与太原艺术专门学校合并，打算办成能象美国欧柏林大学那样的大学校。在此期间，所有铭贤这些事业的经费，全靠来自美国欧柏林大学同学会的捐款和他们所募基金75万美圆的利息，常年可以提供美金4万元，约合法币12万元以上。当时，如此一笔经费在山西使用，可以说是相当充裕的。

及至抗战发生，学校南迁，于1940年在四川金堂正式增设了3年制的农工专科，后来又改为4年制的学院。但是由于在办学知道思想上发生的矛盾，美方提供的经费，仍仅限以前给中学的那点美金；再加战争年代，后方物价上涨，维持一个包括小学、中学、学院的摊子，庞大的开支，经费大感拮据。影响所及，不仅有的员工不能安心工作，连学校高级负责人校长贾炎生和教务长吴克明也先后离校，到重庆中央银行和财政部盐务局任职会去了。董事长孔祥熙改命校友杨蔚博士接任校长职务，杨校长提出经费来源需要有保证的条件。孔因创办铭贤博得美名，人称“中国财神”，但一向并未为铭贤直接花过钱，美国人早已对此心怀不满，他们不赞成把铭贤办成“实业型”的大学，在经费上与孔采取了不合作的态度。现在既要保证经费来源，就势必另劈蹊径，乃有倡导铭贤基金募捐之议。孔祥熙授意曾任铭贤司库，时任校董和山西裕华银行总经理的校友武渭清，通过当时社会名流杜月笙、王正延、钱新之、刘鸿生、肖振瀛、潘昌猷、傅汝霖等人发起为铭贤学校展开大规模募捐基金的活动。结果不仅孔属财政部系统和中央银行系统的捐助成绩可观，其它各界的募集款项也不少。抗战后期，四川物价飞涨，公教人员生活清苦，以铭贤一所新办的学院，居然罗致到像前宝钧教授（解放后的华东纺织学院院长）、吴友三教授（解放后的沈阳农学院院长）、朱宝教授（解放后的无锡轻工业学院院长）和史少华教授（现天津大学校长）等知名学者、专家到校任教，这是与当时铭贤的教学设备良好，研究实验条件优越，和生活环境安定分不开的。归根到底，也是由于办学经费来源多有了一层保证的关系。

那次，在重庆的铭贤募捐活动，究竟得到多少捐款的数字未得其详，但山西裕华银行有“铭贤基金”和“铭贤学院”专户的设立。校友侯同生专责司帐，经营保管上有一套办法。今虽事过境迁，但非湮没无存，蛛丝马迹还是有余绪可寻的。当时，为了保存基金币值，据说曾以1000万元投资与川江盐船业合作，办了一家叫做裕国保险公司的企业，经营盐运保险业务。孔祥熙派他的老部下，做过盐务总办的张绣文任总经理，以校友李耀功任协理（后离职），由代表铭贤基金的武渭清任常务董事，并以吴克明、贾炎生分任董事长和监察人。胜利后，因该公司经营不善，铭贤基金的股份宣告退出。同时，又另以500万元与中国实业银行、山西裕华银行盒子1000万元，办了一家经营川盐运销业务的大有盐号。孔祥熙派段祺瑞的女婿，当时任中国实业银行总经理的奚伦为董事长。以他的老部下，做过盐务会办的马泰钧任总经理。以代表铭贤基金的武渭清任常务董事，并以校方杨蔚、武星三、刘复之分任董事和监察人。我那时候，这在重庆交通银行总管理处工作，分工主办盐业、投资、调研，写过“四川的盐业”报告；之前，有过在上海银行系统大业盐号的工作经历，孔认为我对盐业内行，给我一个经理名义，要我到大有盐号来工作。

盐在国民党时期属国家专卖物资。为了保证税收，规定运商须按承运额向国民党预先垫缴税金，到岸照本计息，核给相当利润，是稳赚没赔的生意。“大有”单凭1000万元资本是领不到多少盐的。所以铭贤基金又以股东垫款方式，按定期计息垫入数千万元。抗战胜利后，“大有”总号迁到上海，除以重庆为分号继续营运川盐外，又在武汉、长沙、天津、连云港等处设立飞机场，加办长芦和淮盐。记得一次预缴盐税高达72亿余元，不仅铭贤基金抵垫不起，连山西裕华银行也无能无力。结果是和中国银行合作，直到解放之后清理为止。大有盐号与铭贤学校之间，除有铭贤基金投资的东伙关系外，还有1948年在成都设立“韵初奖学金”的经过（韵初是马泰钧的别字，他在大有以字行名）。解放以后，大有盐号以官僚资本关系清理结束。占大有股份半数的铭贤基金也都归还了人民。

在铭贤募集基金过程中，孔祥熙曾在美国人面前夸口说要捐资美金150万元，意思是指中国的铭贤基金要比美国的多一倍。结果他分文未掏，只将一笔数目可观的美金公债顶数。听说以后他又要回去了。山西裕华银行还有一个叫做“远东学院”的帐户，是孔祥熙为美国欧柏林大学捐款设立的专户。传闻欧柏林方面在孔死后，曾多次向孔令侃提出落实捐款的事，小孔环顾左右，只说可为该校捐建一座亭子。美国人认为这等于是说了一句笑话。时令事隔40余年，回首铭贤基金的这番经历来，不也是场喧嚣一时的笑话吗？！